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Abstract

Scopo. Studiare la prevalenza e le caratteristiche del dolore cronico nei pazienti dimessi dalla terapia intensiva ed esaminare l'associazione tra dolore e disturbi psicologici.


Metodi. Lo studio è stato condotto in una terapia intensiva (TI) italiana. Sei mesi dopo la dimissione dalla TI, i pazienti sono stati richiamati per un’intervista per valutare il dolore cronico (DC), l'intensità del dolore, la posizione del dolore e l'interferenza del dolore con le attività di vita quotidiana. Durante l’intervista è stata somministrata una batteria di test psicometrici per valutare ansia, depressione, insonnia, fatigue e disturbo da stress post-traumatico (PTSD).


Risultati. Un totale di 143 pazienti sono stati intervistati e 34 pazienti (23.8%) hanno riferito dolore. Il 70.6% degli intervistati che soffrivano di DC erano donne (p <.001). Le aree di dolore più comuni erano la spalla (16.1%), arti inferiori (11.9%) e l’area lombare (11.2%). Il maggior numero di pazienti in DC (n= 14) ha avuto dolore in 4 o più regioni anatomiche. La prevalenza di dolore cronico, ansia, depressione, insonnia, fatigue e PTSD è stata rispettivamente del 23.8%, 9.1%, 13.3%, 4.2%, 5.6% e 2.1%. L'analisi multivariata ha indicato associazioni significative tra dolore cronico e ansia (p = .003), depressione (p = .015) e insonnia (p = .027). C'è stato un grande uso di analgesici e farmaci antinfiammatori non steroidei (FANS) per il trattamento del dolore in 19 pazienti (55.9%).


Discussione. Il DC sembra associato ad alcuni disturbi psicologici osservati 6 mesi dopo una degenza. In futuro, sono necessari studi che indagano sugli interventi per prevenire il dolore cronico post-terapia intensiva.


Parole chiave. Dolore cronico, terapia intensiva, valutazione dei risultati.

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Come citare
Damico, V., Murano, L., & Dal Molin, A. (2022). Il dolore cronico nei pazienti dimessi dalla Terapia Intensiva: prevalenza e disturbi psicologici associati. PROFESSIONI INFERMIERISTICHE, 75(2), 106–114. Recuperato da https://www.profinf.net/pro3/index.php/IN/article/view/1027
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