Contenuto dell'articolo principale
Abstract
Introduzione: L’ambiente di apprendimento clinico è il contesto di sovrapposizione tra il sistema educativo e l'ambiente lavorativo in cui gli studenti applicano le conoscenze apprese durante gli insegnamenti teorici, apprendono abilità pratiche, relazionali e di caring. È fondamentale per la formazione infermieristica ed esistono numerosi strumenti finalizzati a valutarlo: la qualità degli studi che ne indagano le performance è eterogenea. La scala CLEI-19 è uno strumento conciso e facile da usare ma le sue performance non sono state testate nel contesto italiano.
Obiettivi: Lo studio ha l’obiettivo di valutare le proprietà psicometriche dello strumento in termini di struttura fattoriale e affidabilità.
Metodi: È stato condotto uno studio osservazionale trasversale multicentrico in Italia, presso l’Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca. Sono stati impiegati due strumenti: un questionario di raccolta dati di contesto e la scala CLEI-19 italiana. Le variabili di contesto sono state analizzate tramite statistica descrittiva. La struttura fattoriale della scala è stata indagata attraverso i modelli esplorativi di equazione strutturale (ESEM). L’affidabilità della scala è stata valutata mediante i coefficienti Alpha e Omega.
Risultati: Il campione è costituito da 1095 unità statistiche. Dall’analisi fattoriale emerge la presenza di due fattori latenti correlati che sono stati denominati “Assistente di Tirocinio” ed “Ambiente di Tirocinio”. Gli indici di fit confermano la solidità del modello a due fattori. La coerenza interna è risultata adeguata o più che adeguata sia per i singoli fattori che per lo strumento complessivo.
Conclusioni: La scala CLEI-19 è uno strumento affidabile, che indaga in modo esaustivo le due componenti cardine dell’ambiente di apprendimento clinico: l’Assistente di Tirocinio e l’Ambiente di Tirocinio nel complesso. L’impiego semplifica il processo di valutazione dell’ambiente di tirocinio, offre la possibilità di migliorarne la qualità, agevola il confronto tra realtà e valorizza la percezione degli studenti.
Parole chiave: Ambiente di apprendimento, valutazione, studenti, formazione, infermieri.
Parole chiave
Dettagli dell'articolo
Riferimenti
- Anderson B. (2010) A perspective on changing dynamics in nursing over the past 20 years. British Journal of Nursing, 19(18), 1190–1191
- Bagozzi P. R. & Yi Y. (2012) Specification, Evaluation, and Interpretation of Structural Equation Models. Academy of Marketing Science, 40, 8-34
- Bentler P.M. (1990) Comparative Fit Indexes in Structural Models. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 238-246
- Bodys-Cupak I. (2021) Psychometric proprieties of the Polish version of clinical learning environment inventory. BMC Nursing Journal 20(1), 126
- Brown T., Williams B., Lynch M. (2013) Relationship between clinical fieldwork educator performance and health professional students’ perceptions of their practice education learning environments. Nursing and Health Sciences, 15(4), 510–517
- Browne, M. W. & Cudeck R. (1993) Alternative Ways of Assessing Model Fit. In K. A. Bollen, & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing Structural Equation Models, Sage, Thousand Oaks, 136-162
- Cefalì V. (2017) La valutazione dell’ambiente di apprendimento clinico: traduzione e sperimentazione della scala CLEI-19. Tesi di Laurea Magistrale in Scienze Infermieristiche e Ostetriche, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca
- Chan D. (2002) Development of the clinical learning environment inventory: using the theoretical framework of learning environment studies to assess nursing students’ perceptions of the hospital as a learning environment. Journal of Nursing Education, 41(2), 69–75
- De Vellis R. F. (1991) Scale Development. Theory and applications. Newbury Park: Sage
- Dunn S.V., Burnett P. (1995) The development of a clinical learning environment scale. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 22(6), 1166–1173
- Flott E. A., Linden L. (2016) The clinical learning environment in nursing education: a concept analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72(3), 501-513
- Fornell C. & Larcker D. F. (1981) Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error: Algebra and Statistics. Journal of Marketing Research, 18, 382-388
- Henderson A., Briggs J., Schoonbeek S., Paterson K. (2011) A framework to develop a clinical learning culture in health facilities: ideas from the literature. International Nursing Review, 58(2), 196–202
- Henry D., West D.C. (2019) The Clinical Learning Environment and Workplace-Based Assessment: Frameworks, Strategies, and Implementation. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 66(4), 839-854
- Hosoda Y. (2006) Development and testing of a Clinical Learning Environment Diagnostic Inventory for baccalaureate nursing students. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 56(5), 480–490
- Hu L. & Bentler P.M. (1999) Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives, Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6:1, 1-55
- Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation (2018) Improving environments for learning in the health professions. Recommendations from the Macy Foundation Conference. New York: Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation Data accesso: 15/05/2020. Da: https://macyfoundation.org/assets/reports/publications/macy_monograph_2018_webfile.pdf
- Lamont S.L., Brunero S., Woods K.P. (2015) Satisfaction with clinical placement – the perspective of nursing students from multiple Universities Collegian 22(1), 125–33
- Mansutti I., Saianib L., Grassettic L., Palesea A. (2017) Instruments evaluating the quality of the clinical learning environment in nursing education: A systematic review of psychometric properties. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 68, 60–72
- McDonald R. P. (1999) Test Theory: A Unified Treatment. New Jersey: Erlbaum
- Nordquist J., Hall J., Caverzagie K., Snell L., Chan M.K., Thoma B., Razack S., Philibert I. (2019) The clinical learning environment. Medical Teacher, 41(4), 366-372
- Nunnally J. C. (1978) Psychonometric theory (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill
- Palese A., Destrebecq A., Terzoni S., Grassetti L., Altini P., Bevilacqua A., Brugnolli A., Benaglio C., Dalponte A., De Biasio L., Dimonte V., Gambacorti B., Fasci A., Grosso S., Mansutti I., Mantovan F., Marognolli O., Montalti S., Nicotera R., Perli S., Randon G., Stampfl B., Tollini M., Canzan F., Zannini L., Saiani L. (2016) Strumento di Valutazione Italiano degli Ambienti di Tirocinio (SVIAT): protocollo di validazione. Assistenza Infermieristica e Ricerca, 35(1), 29-35
- Papastavrou E., Dimitriadou M., Tsangari H., Andreou C. (2016) Nursing students’ satisfaction of the clinical learning environment: a research study. BMC Nursing 15(1), 1
- Papathanasiou I.V., Tsaras K., Sarafis P. (2014) Views and perceptions of nursing students on their clinical learning environment: teaching and learning. Nurse Education Today, 34(1), 57–60
- Phillips K.F., Mathew L., Aktan N., Catano B. (2017) Clinical education and student satisfaction: an integrative literature review. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 4(2), 205-213
- Pitkänena S., Kääriäinenb M., Oikarainena A., Tuomikoskid A.M., Elob S., Ruotsalainenb H., Saarikoskie M., Kärsämänojad T., Mikkonenb K. (2018) Healthcare students' evaluation of the clinical learning environment and supervision–a cross-sectional study. Nurse Education Today, 62, 143–149
- Rodrigez-Garcia C., Gutierrez-Puertas L., Granados-Gamez G., Aguilera Manrique G., Marquez-Hernandez V.V. (2021) The connection of the clinical learning environment and supervision of nursing students with students satisfaction and future intention to work in clinical placement hospitals. Journal of Clinical Nursing 30(7-8), 986–994.
- Saarikoski M., Leino-Kilpi H., (2002) The clinical learning environment and supervision by staff nurses: developing the instrument. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 39(3), 259–267
- Saarikoski, M., Isoaho H., Warne T., Leino-Kilpi H. (2008) The nurse teacher in clinical practice: developing the new sub-dimension to the Clinical Learning Environment and Supervision (CLES) Scale. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 45(8), 1233–1237
- Salamonson Y., Bourgeois S., Everett B., Weaver R., Peters K., Jackson D. (2011) Psychometric testing of the abbreviated Clinical Learning Environment Inventory (CLEI-19). Journal of Advanced Nursing, 67(12), 2668-2676
- Sand-Jecklin K. (2009) Assessing nursing student perceptions of the clinical learning environment: refinement and testing of the SECEE inventory. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 17(3), 232–246
- Shivers E., Hasson F., Slater P. (2017) Pre-registation nursing student’s quality of practice learning: clinical learning environment inventory (actual) questionnaire. Nurse Education Today 55, 58–64
Riferimenti
Anderson B. (2010) A perspective on changing dynamics in nursing over the past 20 years. British Journal of Nursing, 19(18), 1190–1191
Bagozzi P. R. & Yi Y. (2012) Specification, Evaluation, and Interpretation of Structural Equation Models. Academy of Marketing Science, 40, 8-34
Bentler P.M. (1990) Comparative Fit Indexes in Structural Models. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 238-246
Bodys-Cupak I. (2021) Psychometric proprieties of the Polish version of clinical learning environment inventory. BMC Nursing Journal 20(1), 126
Brown T., Williams B., Lynch M. (2013) Relationship between clinical fieldwork educator performance and health professional students’ perceptions of their practice education learning environments. Nursing and Health Sciences, 15(4), 510–517
Browne, M. W. & Cudeck R. (1993) Alternative Ways of Assessing Model Fit. In K. A. Bollen, & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing Structural Equation Models, Sage, Thousand Oaks, 136-162
Cefalì V. (2017) La valutazione dell’ambiente di apprendimento clinico: traduzione e sperimentazione della scala CLEI-19. Tesi di Laurea Magistrale in Scienze Infermieristiche e Ostetriche, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca
Chan D. (2002) Development of the clinical learning environment inventory: using the theoretical framework of learning environment studies to assess nursing students’ perceptions of the hospital as a learning environment. Journal of Nursing Education, 41(2), 69–75
De Vellis R. F. (1991) Scale Development. Theory and applications. Newbury Park: Sage
Dunn S.V., Burnett P. (1995) The development of a clinical learning environment scale. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 22(6), 1166–1173
Flott E. A., Linden L. (2016) The clinical learning environment in nursing education: a concept analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 72(3), 501-513
Fornell C. & Larcker D. F. (1981) Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error: Algebra and Statistics. Journal of Marketing Research, 18, 382-388
Henderson A., Briggs J., Schoonbeek S., Paterson K. (2011) A framework to develop a clinical learning culture in health facilities: ideas from the literature. International Nursing Review, 58(2), 196–202
Henry D., West D.C. (2019) The Clinical Learning Environment and Workplace-Based Assessment: Frameworks, Strategies, and Implementation. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 66(4), 839-854
Hosoda Y. (2006) Development and testing of a Clinical Learning Environment Diagnostic Inventory for baccalaureate nursing students. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 56(5), 480–490
Hu L. & Bentler P.M. (1999) Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives, Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6:1, 1-55
Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation (2018) Improving environments for learning in the health professions. Recommendations from the Macy Foundation Conference. New York: Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation Data accesso: 15/05/2020. Da: https://macyfoundation.org/assets/reports/publications/macy_monograph_2018_webfile.pdf
Lamont S.L., Brunero S., Woods K.P. (2015) Satisfaction with clinical placement – the perspective of nursing students from multiple Universities Collegian 22(1), 125–33
Mansutti I., Saianib L., Grassettic L., Palesea A. (2017) Instruments evaluating the quality of the clinical learning environment in nursing education: A systematic review of psychometric properties. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 68, 60–72
McDonald R. P. (1999) Test Theory: A Unified Treatment. New Jersey: Erlbaum
Nordquist J., Hall J., Caverzagie K., Snell L., Chan M.K., Thoma B., Razack S., Philibert I. (2019) The clinical learning environment. Medical Teacher, 41(4), 366-372
Nunnally J. C. (1978) Psychonometric theory (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill
Palese A., Destrebecq A., Terzoni S., Grassetti L., Altini P., Bevilacqua A., Brugnolli A., Benaglio C., Dalponte A., De Biasio L., Dimonte V., Gambacorti B., Fasci A., Grosso S., Mansutti I., Mantovan F., Marognolli O., Montalti S., Nicotera R., Perli S., Randon G., Stampfl B., Tollini M., Canzan F., Zannini L., Saiani L. (2016) Strumento di Valutazione Italiano degli Ambienti di Tirocinio (SVIAT): protocollo di validazione. Assistenza Infermieristica e Ricerca, 35(1), 29-35
Papastavrou E., Dimitriadou M., Tsangari H., Andreou C. (2016) Nursing students’ satisfaction of the clinical learning environment: a research study. BMC Nursing 15(1), 1
Papathanasiou I.V., Tsaras K., Sarafis P. (2014) Views and perceptions of nursing students on their clinical learning environment: teaching and learning. Nurse Education Today, 34(1), 57–60
Phillips K.F., Mathew L., Aktan N., Catano B. (2017) Clinical education and student satisfaction: an integrative literature review. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 4(2), 205-213
Pitkänena S., Kääriäinenb M., Oikarainena A., Tuomikoskid A.M., Elob S., Ruotsalainenb H., Saarikoskie M., Kärsämänojad T., Mikkonenb K. (2018) Healthcare students' evaluation of the clinical learning environment and supervision–a cross-sectional study. Nurse Education Today, 62, 143–149
Rodrigez-Garcia C., Gutierrez-Puertas L., Granados-Gamez G., Aguilera Manrique G., Marquez-Hernandez V.V. (2021) The connection of the clinical learning environment and supervision of nursing students with students satisfaction and future intention to work in clinical placement hospitals. Journal of Clinical Nursing 30(7-8), 986–994.
Saarikoski M., Leino-Kilpi H., (2002) The clinical learning environment and supervision by staff nurses: developing the instrument. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 39(3), 259–267
Saarikoski, M., Isoaho H., Warne T., Leino-Kilpi H. (2008) The nurse teacher in clinical practice: developing the new sub-dimension to the Clinical Learning Environment and Supervision (CLES) Scale. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 45(8), 1233–1237
Salamonson Y., Bourgeois S., Everett B., Weaver R., Peters K., Jackson D. (2011) Psychometric testing of the abbreviated Clinical Learning Environment Inventory (CLEI-19). Journal of Advanced Nursing, 67(12), 2668-2676
Sand-Jecklin K. (2009) Assessing nursing student perceptions of the clinical learning environment: refinement and testing of the SECEE inventory. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 17(3), 232–246
Shivers E., Hasson F., Slater P. (2017) Pre-registation nursing student’s quality of practice learning: clinical learning environment inventory (actual) questionnaire. Nurse Education Today 55, 58–64