Contenuto dell'articolo principale
Abstract
Il COVID-19 ha evidenziato alcuni aspetti critici dei messaggi di salute pubblica e della relazione tra alfabetizzazione sanitaria, promozione della salute e salute pubblica. Lo scopo di questo studio è esaminare questi concetti allo scopo di fornire un quadro in cui le influenze reciproche vengono analizzate da un punto di vista ontologico; più specificamente, questo articolo esplorerà se la promozione della salute debba migliorare l'health literacy o l'health literacy sia effettivamente un prerequisito per comprendere (e mettere in pratica) i messaggi di promozione della salute/salute pubblica. La salute pubblica deve proteggere il pubblico dalla disinformazione, su questo gli infermieri giocano un ruolo cruciale nel supportare individui e comunità nella comprensione dei messaggi di salute pubblica. Il paradosso in esame è il legame tra alfabetizzazione sanitaria e promozione della salute; quale è il ruolo dell'health literacy quando, come nel caso della recente epidemia di COVID-19, la sanità pubblica deve indirizzare decine di centinaia di messaggi di promozione della salute a tutta la popolazione. Durante un'epidemia è presente un’incertezza di fondo, ogni giorno emergono nuovi dati e informazioni e ogni giorno si capisce (o si fraintende) qualcosa di più sul virus. Una massiccia presenza di disinformazione COVID-19, in particolare sui social media è presente relativamente ai trattamenti, all'utilità di indossare la mascherina, ai casi COVID-19 per fascia di età, alle teorie complottiste; tutto queto ha aggiunto più confusione e incertezza per la popolazione. La salute pubblica deve proteggere la popolazione dalla disinformazione. Sebbene nella pratica siano state messe in atto azioni per migliorare la compliance dei pazienti rispetto alla promozione della salute, non è chiara la relazione ontologica tra promozione della salute e alfabetizzazione sanitaria nel contesto della sanità pubblica.
Parole chiave: alfabetizzazione sanitaria, promozione della salute, informazioni sulla salute, COVID-19, comunità
Parole chiave
Dettagli dell'articolo
Riferimenti
- Abel, T., & McQueen, D. (2020). Critical health literacy and the COVID-19 crisis. Health promotion international.
- Berkman, N.D., Sheridan, SL., Donahue, K.E., Halpern, D.J., Crotty, K. (2011). Low health literacy and health outcomes: an updated systematic review. Annals of Internal Medicine. 155(2):97–107.
- Berkman, N. D., Davis, T. C., & McCormack, L. (2010). Health literacy: what is it? Journal of health communication, 15(S2), 9-19.
- Baker, D. W. (2006). The meaning and the measure of health literacy. Journal of general internal medicine, 21(8), 878-883.
- Corcoran, N. (2007). Theories and models in communicating health messages. Communicating health: Strategies for health promotion, 5-31.
- Crondahl, K., & Eklund Karlsson, L. (2016). The nexus between health literacy and empowerment: A scoping review. Sage Open, 6(2), 2158244016646410.
- Ehmann, A. T., Groene, O., Rieger, M. A., & Siegel, A. (2020). The Relationship between Health Literacy, Quality of Life, and Subjective Health: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study in a Rural Region in Germany. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5), 1683.
- Gazmararian, J. A., Curran, J. W., Parker, R. M., Bernhardt, J. M., & DeBuono, B. A. (2005). Public health literacy in America: an ethical imperative. American journal of preventive medicine, 28(3), 317-322.
- Hickey, K. T., Masterson Creber, R. M., Reading, M., Sciacca, R. R., Riga, T. C., Frulla, A. P., & Casida, J. M. (2018). Low health literacy: Implications for managing cardiac patients in practice. The Nurse practitioner, 43(8), 49–55.
- Kanj, M., & Mitic, W. (2009). Health Literacy and Health Promotion: Definitions, Concepts and Examples in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Individual Empowerment–Conference Working Document. World Health Organization.
- Manganello, J. A. (2008). Health literacy and adolescents: a framework and agenda for future research. Health education research, 23(5), 840-847.
- Malik, M., Hasmi, A., Khalid, J., & Abbas, M. (2017). Functional health literacy among undergraduate pharmacy students: A cross-sectional study from Pakistan. Pharmacy & Pharmacology International Journal, 5(5), 00136.
- Nyatanga, L., & Dann, K. L. (2002). Empowerment in nursing: the role of philosophical and psychological factors. Nursing philosophy, 3(3), 234-239.
- Parnell, T. A. (2014). Health literacy in nursing: Providing person-centered care. Springer Publishing Company.
- Pleasant, A., & Kuruvilla, S. (2008). A tale of two health literacies: public health and clinical approaches to health literacy. Health promotion international, 23(2), 152-159.
- Rademakers J. (2014) Kennissynthese: gezondheidsvaardigheden: niet voor iedereen vanzelfsprekend. Utrecht: NIVEL.
- Ratzan, S. C. (2001). Health literacy: communication for the public good. Health promotion international, 16(2), 207-214.
- van der Heide, I., Wang, J., Droomers, M., Spreeuwenberg, P., Rademakers, J., Uiters, E. (2013) The relationship between health, education, and health literacy: results from the Dutch adult literacy and life skills survey. Journal Health Community. 18(sup1):172–84.
- World Health Organization. (1986). Ottawa charter for health promotion, 1986.
- World Health Organization. (2017). Promoting health in the SDGs. Geneva, Switzerland.
- Xu, C., Zhang, X., & Wang, Y. (2020). Mapping of Health Literacy and Social Panic Via Web Search Data During the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency: Infodemiological Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(7), e18831.
- Zimmerman, E. B., Woolf, S. H., Blackburn, S. M., Kimmel, A. D., Barnes, A. J., & Bono, R. S. (2018). The case for considering education and health. Urban Education, 53(6), 744-773.
Riferimenti
Abel, T., & McQueen, D. (2020). Critical health literacy and the COVID-19 crisis. Health promotion international.
Berkman, N.D., Sheridan, SL., Donahue, K.E., Halpern, D.J., Crotty, K. (2011). Low health literacy and health outcomes: an updated systematic review. Annals of Internal Medicine. 155(2):97–107.
Berkman, N. D., Davis, T. C., & McCormack, L. (2010). Health literacy: what is it? Journal of health communication, 15(S2), 9-19.
Baker, D. W. (2006). The meaning and the measure of health literacy. Journal of general internal medicine, 21(8), 878-883.
Corcoran, N. (2007). Theories and models in communicating health messages. Communicating health: Strategies for health promotion, 5-31.
Crondahl, K., & Eklund Karlsson, L. (2016). The nexus between health literacy and empowerment: A scoping review. Sage Open, 6(2), 2158244016646410.
Ehmann, A. T., Groene, O., Rieger, M. A., & Siegel, A. (2020). The Relationship between Health Literacy, Quality of Life, and Subjective Health: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study in a Rural Region in Germany. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5), 1683.
Gazmararian, J. A., Curran, J. W., Parker, R. M., Bernhardt, J. M., & DeBuono, B. A. (2005). Public health literacy in America: an ethical imperative. American journal of preventive medicine, 28(3), 317-322.
Hickey, K. T., Masterson Creber, R. M., Reading, M., Sciacca, R. R., Riga, T. C., Frulla, A. P., & Casida, J. M. (2018). Low health literacy: Implications for managing cardiac patients in practice. The Nurse practitioner, 43(8), 49–55.
Kanj, M., & Mitic, W. (2009). Health Literacy and Health Promotion: Definitions, Concepts and Examples in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Individual Empowerment–Conference Working Document. World Health Organization.
Manganello, J. A. (2008). Health literacy and adolescents: a framework and agenda for future research. Health education research, 23(5), 840-847.
Malik, M., Hasmi, A., Khalid, J., & Abbas, M. (2017). Functional health literacy among undergraduate pharmacy students: A cross-sectional study from Pakistan. Pharmacy & Pharmacology International Journal, 5(5), 00136.
Nyatanga, L., & Dann, K. L. (2002). Empowerment in nursing: the role of philosophical and psychological factors. Nursing philosophy, 3(3), 234-239.
Parnell, T. A. (2014). Health literacy in nursing: Providing person-centered care. Springer Publishing Company.
Pleasant, A., & Kuruvilla, S. (2008). A tale of two health literacies: public health and clinical approaches to health literacy. Health promotion international, 23(2), 152-159.
Rademakers J. (2014) Kennissynthese: gezondheidsvaardigheden: niet voor iedereen vanzelfsprekend. Utrecht: NIVEL.
Ratzan, S. C. (2001). Health literacy: communication for the public good. Health promotion international, 16(2), 207-214.
van der Heide, I., Wang, J., Droomers, M., Spreeuwenberg, P., Rademakers, J., Uiters, E. (2013) The relationship between health, education, and health literacy: results from the Dutch adult literacy and life skills survey. Journal Health Community. 18(sup1):172–84.
World Health Organization. (1986). Ottawa charter for health promotion, 1986.
World Health Organization. (2017). Promoting health in the SDGs. Geneva, Switzerland.
Xu, C., Zhang, X., & Wang, Y. (2020). Mapping of Health Literacy and Social Panic Via Web Search Data During the COVID-19 Public Health Emergency: Infodemiological Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(7), e18831.
Zimmerman, E. B., Woolf, S. H., Blackburn, S. M., Kimmel, A. D., Barnes, A. J., & Bono, R. S. (2018). The case for considering education and health. Urban Education, 53(6), 744-773.