Contenuto dell'articolo principale
Abstract
Introduzione: La soddisfazione materna rispetto all’assistenza ricevuta nel punto nascita è un indicatore della qualità dei servizi sanitari. Obiettivo: Valutare la soddisfazione materna in merito all’evento nascita, prendendo in esame alcune pratiche assistenziali e come sono state percepite dalle donne. Metodo: È stato condotto uno studio osservazionale tra maggio e agosto 2018 tramite questionario online proposto a donne che avessero partorito negli ultimi 3 anni. I dati sono stati sottoposti ad analisi descrittiva e bivariata, considerando la soddisfazione come outcome (p<0,05). Risultati: Il campione è costituito da 1229 donne. Circa il 73% ha partorito spontaneamente e rispettivamente nel 29,3% e 34,4% dei casi sono state praticate manovra di Kristeller ed episiotomia. Tre donne su 10 lamentano un mancato coinvolgimento nelle decisioni assistenziali, il 13,9% afferma che il parto abbia influito negativamente sulla volontà di avere altri figli e il 19,8% non tornerebbe a partorire nella stessa struttura. Quattro donne su 10 sono soddisfatte solo in parte e il 6,4% non lo è affatto. La soddisfazione è associata in modo statisticamente significativo alle variabili: età≥25 anni, ambiente di travaglio sereno, atteggiamento cordiale del personale, personale rispettoso dei bisogni, rispetto della dignità, coinvolgimento nelle decisioni assistenziali, persona di fiducia durante travaglio e parto, parto vaginale, esperienza positiva del parto, episiotomia, manovra di Kristeller, contatto pelle-a-pelle, supporto per l’allattamento nel post partum, scelta di tornare al prossimo parto. Conclusioni: È necessario attuare strategie finalizzate a garantire la centralità della triade madre-partner-bambino nell’evento nascita e rendere più efficiente l’allocazione delle risorse umane.
Parole chiave: Soddisfazione; Nascita; Qualità dell’assistenza; Assistenza ostetrica
Dettagli dell'articolo
Riferimenti
- Alfaro Blazquez, R., Corchon, S., & Ferrer Ferrandiz, E. (2017). Validity of instruments for measuring the satisfaction of a woman and her partner with care received during labour and childbirth: Systematic review. Midwifery, 55, 103-12.
- Alzaheb, R.A. (2017). A Review of the Factors Associated With the Timely Initiation of Breastfeeding and Exclusive Breastfeeding in the Middle East. Clin Med Insights Pediatr, 11, 1179556517748912.
- Arah, O.A., Westert, G.P., Hurst, J., & Klazinga, N.S. (2006). A conceptual framework for the OECD Health Care Quality Indicators Project. Int J Qual Health Care, Suppl1, 5-13.
- Balogun, O.O., O'Sullivan, E.J., McFadden, A., Ota, E., Gavine, A., Garner, C.D., Renfrew, M.J., & MacGillivray, S. (2016). Interventions for promoting the initiation of breastfeeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 11: CD001688.
- Caruana, A. (2000). Service loyalty. The effects of service quality and the mediating role of customer satisfaction. EJM, 36, 811-28.
- Colaceci, S., Giusti, A., Chapin, E.M., Bettinelli, M.E., De Angelis, A., Zambri, F., Vellone, E., Alvaro, R., & De Mei, B. (2017). E-learning to Improve Healthcare Professionals' Attitudes and Practices on Breastfeeding. Breastfeed Med, 12(10), 629-636.
- Dahlberg, U., Persen, J., Skogås, A.K., Selboe, S.T., Torvik, H.M., & Aune, I. (2016). How can midwives promote a normal birth and a positive birth experience? The experience of first-time Norwegian mothers. Sex Reprod Healthc, 7, 2-7.
- Di Sarra, D’Agostino, Cocchieri, Vellone, Zega, & Alvaro. (2016). Nursing diagnoses and theoretical frameworks in neonatal units: a literature review. Prof Inferm, 69, 1, 44-55.
- Fernández-Sola, C., Cortés, M.M., Hernández-Padilla, J.M., Torres, C.J., Terrón, J.M., & Granero-Molina, J. (2017). Defining dignity in end-of-life care in the emergency department. Nurs Ethics, 24 :20-32.
- Greenfield, M., Jomeen, J., & Glover, L. (2019). "It Can't Be Like Last Time" - Choices Made in Early Pregnancy by Women Who Have Previously Experienced a Traumatic Birth. Front Psychol, 10, 56.
- Hemati, Z., Ashouri, E., AllahBakhshian, M., Pourfarzad, Z., Shirani, F., Safazadeh, S., Ziyaei, M., Varzeshnejad, M., Hashemi, M., & Taleghani, F. (2016). Dying with dignity: a concept analysis. J Clin Nurs, 25, 1218-28.
- Hollins Martin, C.J., & Fleming, V. (2011). The birth satisfaction scale. Int J Health Care Qual Assur, 24: 124-35.
- Hollins Martin, C.J., & Martin, C.R. (2014). Development and psychometric properties of the birth satisfaction scale-revised (BSS-R). Midwifery, 30: 610–9.
- Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Quality of Health Care in America. (2001). Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US).
- Lau, Y., Htun, T.P., Lim, P.I., Ho-Lim, S., & Klainin-Yobas, P. (2015). Maternal, Infant Characteristics, Breastfeeding Techniques, and Initiation: Structural Equation Modeling
- Alfaro Blazquez, R., Corchon, S., & Ferrer Ferrandiz, E. (2017). Validity of instruments for measuring the satisfaction of a woman and her partner with care received during labour and childbirth: Systematic review. Midwifery, 55, 103-12.
- Alzaheb, R.A. (2017). A Review of the Factors Associated With the Timely Initiation of Breastfeeding and Exclusive Breastfeeding in the Middle East. Clin Med Insights Pediatr, 11, 1179556517748912.
- Arah, O.A., Westert, G.P., Hurst, J., & Klazinga, N.S. (2006). A conceptual framework for the OECD Health Care Quality Indicators Project. Int J Qual Health Care, Suppl1, 5-13.
- Balogun, O.O., O'Sullivan, E.J., McFadden, A., Ota, E., Gavine, A., Garner, C.D., Renfrew, M.J., & MacGillivray, S. (2016). Interventions for promoting the initiation of breastfeeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 11: CD001688.
- Caruana, A. (2000). Service loyalty. The effects of service quality and the mediating role of customer satisfaction. EJM, 36, 811-28.
- Colaceci, S., Giusti, A., Chapin, E.M., Bettinelli, M.E., De Angelis, A., Zambri, F., Vellone, E., Alvaro, R., & De Mei, B. (2017). E-learning to Improve Healthcare Professionals' Attitudes and Practices on Breastfeeding. Breastfeed Med, 12(10), 629-636.
- Dahlberg, U., Persen, J., Skogås, A.K., Selboe, S.T., Torvik, H.M., & Aune, I. (2016). How can midwives promote a normal birth and a positive birth experience? The experience of first-time Norwegian mothers. Sex Reprod Healthc, 7, 2-7.
- Di Sarra, D’Agostino, Cocchieri, Vellone, Zega, & Alvaro. (2016). Nursing diagnoses and theoretical frameworks in neonatal units: a literature review. Prof Inferm, 69, 1, 44-55.
- Fernández-Sola, C., Cortés, M.M., Hernández-Padilla, J.M., Torres, C.J., Terrón, J.M., & Granero-Molina, J. (2017). Defining dignity in end-of-life care in the emergency department. Nurs Ethics, 24 :20-32.
- Greenfield, M., Jomeen, J., & Glover, L. (2019). "It Can't Be Like Last Time" - Choices Made in Early Pregnancy by Women Who Have Previously Experienced a Traumatic Birth. Front Psychol, 10, 56.
- Hemati, Z., Ashouri, E., AllahBakhshian, M., Pourfarzad, Z., Shirani, F., Safazadeh, S., Ziyaei, M., Varzeshnejad, M., Hashemi, M., & Taleghani, F. (2016). Dying with dignity: a concept analysis. J Clin Nurs, 25, 1218-28.
- Hollins Martin, C.J., & Fleming, V. (2011). The birth satisfaction scale. Int J Health Care Qual Assur, 24: 124-35.
- Hollins Martin, C.J., & Martin, C.R. (2014). Development and psychometric properties of the birth satisfaction scale-revised (BSS-R). Midwifery, 30: 610–9.
- Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Quality of Health Care in America. (2001). Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US).
- Lau, Y., Htun, T.P., Lim, P.I., Ho-Lim, S., & Klainin-Yobas, P. (2015). Maternal, Infant Characteristics, Breastfeeding Techniques, and Initiation: Structural Equation Modeling Approaches. PLoS One, 10, e0142861.
- Lauria, L., Lega, I., Maraschini, A., D'Aloja, P., Ferraro, C., & Donati, S. Methodological flaws in web surveys: Commentary to "Abuse and disrespect in childbirth assistance in Italy: A community based survey". Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 226:73.
- Lin, Y.P., &bTsai, Y.F. (2019). Development and validation of a Dignity in Care Scale for Nurses. Nurs Ethics, 26(7-8), 2467-2481.
- Madaj, B., Smith, H., Mathai, M., Roos, N., & van den Broek, N. (2017). Developing global indicators for quality of maternal and newborn care: a feasibility assessment. Bull World Health Organ, 95, 445-52.
- Miller, S., & Lalonde, A. (2015). The global epidemic of abuse and disrespect during childbirth: History, evidence, interventions, and FIGO's mother-baby friendly birthing facilities initiative. Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 131 Suppl 1, S49-52.
- Nespoli, A., Colciago, E., Pedroni, S., Perego, S., & Fumagalli, S. (2018). The Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R): process of translation and adaptation in an Italian context. Ann Ist Super Sanita, 54, 340-7.
- Nyholm, L., & Koskinen, C.A. (2017). Understanding and safeguarding patient dignity in intensive care. Nurs Ethics, 24, 408-18.
- Osservatorio Violenza Ostetrica Italia. #bastatacere Report. (2016). Campagna mediatica sulla violenza ostetrica 4-19 aprile 2016. A cura di E. Skoko, A. Battisti. Disponibile su https://ovoitalia.wordpress.com/bastatacere/
- Paturzo, M., Colaceci, S., Clari, M., Mottola, A., Alvaro, R., & Vellone, E. (2016). Mixed methods designs: An innovative methodological approach for nursing research | [I disegni di ricerca con metodo misto: Un approccio metodologico innovative per la ricerca infermieristica]. Assist Inferm Ric, 35, 82-6.
- Pizzini, F. (1999). Corpo medico e corpo femminile. Parto, riproduzione artificiale, menopausa. Milano: FrancoAngeli.
- Prata, N., Tavrow, P., & Upadhyay, U. (2017). Women's empowerment related to pregnancy and childbirth: introduction to special issue. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 17(Suppl 2), 352.
- Ravaldi, C., Skoko, E., Battisti, A., Cericco, M., & Vannacci, A. (2018). Abuse and disrespect in childbirth assistance in Italy: A community-based survey. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 224, 208-209.
- Scambia, G., Viora, E., Chiantera, A., Colacurci, N., & Vicario, M. (2018). "Obstetric violence": Between misunderstanding and mystification. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 228: 331.
- Skoko, E., Ravaldi, C., Vannacci, A., Nespoli, A., Akooji, N., Balaam, M.C., Battisti, A., Cericco, M., Iannuzzi, L., Morano, S., Downe, S. (2018). Findings from the Italian Babies Born Better Survey. Minerva Ginecol, 70, 663-75.
- Tocchioni, V., Seghieri, C., De Santis, G., & Nuti, S. (2018). Socio-demographic determinants of women's satisfaction with prenatal and delivery care services in Italy. Int J Qual Health Care, 30, 594-601.
- WHO Reproductive Health Library. (2018). WHO recommendation on fundal pressure to facilitate childbirth. The WHO Reproductive Health Library; Geneva: WHO. Disponibile su https://extranet.who.int/rhl/topics/ preconception-pregnancy-childbirth-and-postpartum-care/care-during-childbirth/care-during-labour-2nd-stage/who-recommendation-fundal-pressure-facilitate-childbirth
- World Health Organization (WHO). (1996). Safe motherhood. Care in normal birth: a practical guide. Geneva: WHO. Disponibile su http://www.midwiferyservices.org/care_ in_normal_birth _practical_guide.pdf
- World Health Organization (WHO). (2014). Prevention and elimination of disrespect and abuse during childbirth. Geneva: WHO. Disponibile su https://www.who.int/ reproductivehealth/topics/maternal_perinatal/statement-childbirth/en/
- World Health Organization (WHO). (2016). Standards for improving quality of maternal and newborn care in health facilities. Geneva: WHO. https://www.who.int/maternal_ child_adolescent/documents/improving-maternal-newborn-care-quality/en/
- World Health Organization (WHO). (2017). Quality of care network. Quality, Equity, Dignity. A Network for improving Quality of care for maternal, newborn and child health. Geneva: WHO. Disponibile su https://www.who.int/ maternal_child_adolescent/documents/quality-care-network-objectives/en/
- World Health Organization (WHO). (2018). WHO recommendations: intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience. Geneva: WHO. Disponibile su https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/intrapartum-care-guidelines/en/
Riferimenti
Alfaro Blazquez, R., Corchon, S., & Ferrer Ferrandiz, E. (2017). Validity of instruments for measuring the satisfaction of a woman and her partner with care received during labour and childbirth: Systematic review. Midwifery, 55, 103-12.
Alzaheb, R.A. (2017). A Review of the Factors Associated With the Timely Initiation of Breastfeeding and Exclusive Breastfeeding in the Middle East. Clin Med Insights Pediatr, 11, 1179556517748912.
Arah, O.A., Westert, G.P., Hurst, J., & Klazinga, N.S. (2006). A conceptual framework for the OECD Health Care Quality Indicators Project. Int J Qual Health Care, Suppl1, 5-13.
Balogun, O.O., O'Sullivan, E.J., McFadden, A., Ota, E., Gavine, A., Garner, C.D., Renfrew, M.J., & MacGillivray, S. (2016). Interventions for promoting the initiation of breastfeeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 11: CD001688.
Caruana, A. (2000). Service loyalty. The effects of service quality and the mediating role of customer satisfaction. EJM, 36, 811-28.
Colaceci, S., Giusti, A., Chapin, E.M., Bettinelli, M.E., De Angelis, A., Zambri, F., Vellone, E., Alvaro, R., & De Mei, B. (2017). E-learning to Improve Healthcare Professionals' Attitudes and Practices on Breastfeeding. Breastfeed Med, 12(10), 629-636.
Dahlberg, U., Persen, J., Skogås, A.K., Selboe, S.T., Torvik, H.M., & Aune, I. (2016). How can midwives promote a normal birth and a positive birth experience? The experience of first-time Norwegian mothers. Sex Reprod Healthc, 7, 2-7.
Di Sarra, D’Agostino, Cocchieri, Vellone, Zega, & Alvaro. (2016). Nursing diagnoses and theoretical frameworks in neonatal units: a literature review. Prof Inferm, 69, 1, 44-55.
Fernández-Sola, C., Cortés, M.M., Hernández-Padilla, J.M., Torres, C.J., Terrón, J.M., & Granero-Molina, J. (2017). Defining dignity in end-of-life care in the emergency department. Nurs Ethics, 24 :20-32.
Greenfield, M., Jomeen, J., & Glover, L. (2019). "It Can't Be Like Last Time" - Choices Made in Early Pregnancy by Women Who Have Previously Experienced a Traumatic Birth. Front Psychol, 10, 56.
Hemati, Z., Ashouri, E., AllahBakhshian, M., Pourfarzad, Z., Shirani, F., Safazadeh, S., Ziyaei, M., Varzeshnejad, M., Hashemi, M., & Taleghani, F. (2016). Dying with dignity: a concept analysis. J Clin Nurs, 25, 1218-28.
Hollins Martin, C.J., & Fleming, V. (2011). The birth satisfaction scale. Int J Health Care Qual Assur, 24: 124-35.
Hollins Martin, C.J., & Martin, C.R. (2014). Development and psychometric properties of the birth satisfaction scale-revised (BSS-R). Midwifery, 30: 610–9.
Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Quality of Health Care in America. (2001). Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US).
Lau, Y., Htun, T.P., Lim, P.I., Ho-Lim, S., & Klainin-Yobas, P. (2015). Maternal, Infant Characteristics, Breastfeeding Techniques, and Initiation: Structural Equation Modeling
Alfaro Blazquez, R., Corchon, S., & Ferrer Ferrandiz, E. (2017). Validity of instruments for measuring the satisfaction of a woman and her partner with care received during labour and childbirth: Systematic review. Midwifery, 55, 103-12.
Alzaheb, R.A. (2017). A Review of the Factors Associated With the Timely Initiation of Breastfeeding and Exclusive Breastfeeding in the Middle East. Clin Med Insights Pediatr, 11, 1179556517748912.
Arah, O.A., Westert, G.P., Hurst, J., & Klazinga, N.S. (2006). A conceptual framework for the OECD Health Care Quality Indicators Project. Int J Qual Health Care, Suppl1, 5-13.
Balogun, O.O., O'Sullivan, E.J., McFadden, A., Ota, E., Gavine, A., Garner, C.D., Renfrew, M.J., & MacGillivray, S. (2016). Interventions for promoting the initiation of breastfeeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 11: CD001688.
Caruana, A. (2000). Service loyalty. The effects of service quality and the mediating role of customer satisfaction. EJM, 36, 811-28.
Colaceci, S., Giusti, A., Chapin, E.M., Bettinelli, M.E., De Angelis, A., Zambri, F., Vellone, E., Alvaro, R., & De Mei, B. (2017). E-learning to Improve Healthcare Professionals' Attitudes and Practices on Breastfeeding. Breastfeed Med, 12(10), 629-636.
Dahlberg, U., Persen, J., Skogås, A.K., Selboe, S.T., Torvik, H.M., & Aune, I. (2016). How can midwives promote a normal birth and a positive birth experience? The experience of first-time Norwegian mothers. Sex Reprod Healthc, 7, 2-7.
Di Sarra, D’Agostino, Cocchieri, Vellone, Zega, & Alvaro. (2016). Nursing diagnoses and theoretical frameworks in neonatal units: a literature review. Prof Inferm, 69, 1, 44-55.
Fernández-Sola, C., Cortés, M.M., Hernández-Padilla, J.M., Torres, C.J., Terrón, J.M., & Granero-Molina, J. (2017). Defining dignity in end-of-life care in the emergency department. Nurs Ethics, 24 :20-32.
Greenfield, M., Jomeen, J., & Glover, L. (2019). "It Can't Be Like Last Time" - Choices Made in Early Pregnancy by Women Who Have Previously Experienced a Traumatic Birth. Front Psychol, 10, 56.
Hemati, Z., Ashouri, E., AllahBakhshian, M., Pourfarzad, Z., Shirani, F., Safazadeh, S., Ziyaei, M., Varzeshnejad, M., Hashemi, M., & Taleghani, F. (2016). Dying with dignity: a concept analysis. J Clin Nurs, 25, 1218-28.
Hollins Martin, C.J., & Fleming, V. (2011). The birth satisfaction scale. Int J Health Care Qual Assur, 24: 124-35.
Hollins Martin, C.J., & Martin, C.R. (2014). Development and psychometric properties of the birth satisfaction scale-revised (BSS-R). Midwifery, 30: 610–9.
Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Quality of Health Care in America. (2001). Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US).
Lau, Y., Htun, T.P., Lim, P.I., Ho-Lim, S., & Klainin-Yobas, P. (2015). Maternal, Infant Characteristics, Breastfeeding Techniques, and Initiation: Structural Equation Modeling Approaches. PLoS One, 10, e0142861.
Lauria, L., Lega, I., Maraschini, A., D'Aloja, P., Ferraro, C., & Donati, S. Methodological flaws in web surveys: Commentary to "Abuse and disrespect in childbirth assistance in Italy: A community based survey". Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 226:73.
Lin, Y.P., &bTsai, Y.F. (2019). Development and validation of a Dignity in Care Scale for Nurses. Nurs Ethics, 26(7-8), 2467-2481.
Madaj, B., Smith, H., Mathai, M., Roos, N., & van den Broek, N. (2017). Developing global indicators for quality of maternal and newborn care: a feasibility assessment. Bull World Health Organ, 95, 445-52.
Miller, S., & Lalonde, A. (2015). The global epidemic of abuse and disrespect during childbirth: History, evidence, interventions, and FIGO's mother-baby friendly birthing facilities initiative. Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 131 Suppl 1, S49-52.
Nespoli, A., Colciago, E., Pedroni, S., Perego, S., & Fumagalli, S. (2018). The Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R): process of translation and adaptation in an Italian context. Ann Ist Super Sanita, 54, 340-7.
Nyholm, L., & Koskinen, C.A. (2017). Understanding and safeguarding patient dignity in intensive care. Nurs Ethics, 24, 408-18.
Osservatorio Violenza Ostetrica Italia. #bastatacere Report. (2016). Campagna mediatica sulla violenza ostetrica 4-19 aprile 2016. A cura di E. Skoko, A. Battisti. Disponibile su https://ovoitalia.wordpress.com/bastatacere/
Paturzo, M., Colaceci, S., Clari, M., Mottola, A., Alvaro, R., & Vellone, E. (2016). Mixed methods designs: An innovative methodological approach for nursing research | [I disegni di ricerca con metodo misto: Un approccio metodologico innovative per la ricerca infermieristica]. Assist Inferm Ric, 35, 82-6.
Pizzini, F. (1999). Corpo medico e corpo femminile. Parto, riproduzione artificiale, menopausa. Milano: FrancoAngeli.
Prata, N., Tavrow, P., & Upadhyay, U. (2017). Women's empowerment related to pregnancy and childbirth: introduction to special issue. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 17(Suppl 2), 352.
Ravaldi, C., Skoko, E., Battisti, A., Cericco, M., & Vannacci, A. (2018). Abuse and disrespect in childbirth assistance in Italy: A community-based survey. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 224, 208-209.
Scambia, G., Viora, E., Chiantera, A., Colacurci, N., & Vicario, M. (2018). "Obstetric violence": Between misunderstanding and mystification. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 228: 331.
Skoko, E., Ravaldi, C., Vannacci, A., Nespoli, A., Akooji, N., Balaam, M.C., Battisti, A., Cericco, M., Iannuzzi, L., Morano, S., Downe, S. (2018). Findings from the Italian Babies Born Better Survey. Minerva Ginecol, 70, 663-75.
Tocchioni, V., Seghieri, C., De Santis, G., & Nuti, S. (2018). Socio-demographic determinants of women's satisfaction with prenatal and delivery care services in Italy. Int J Qual Health Care, 30, 594-601.
WHO Reproductive Health Library. (2018). WHO recommendation on fundal pressure to facilitate childbirth. The WHO Reproductive Health Library; Geneva: WHO. Disponibile su https://extranet.who.int/rhl/topics/ preconception-pregnancy-childbirth-and-postpartum-care/care-during-childbirth/care-during-labour-2nd-stage/who-recommendation-fundal-pressure-facilitate-childbirth
World Health Organization (WHO). (1996). Safe motherhood. Care in normal birth: a practical guide. Geneva: WHO. Disponibile su http://www.midwiferyservices.org/care_ in_normal_birth _practical_guide.pdf
World Health Organization (WHO). (2014). Prevention and elimination of disrespect and abuse during childbirth. Geneva: WHO. Disponibile su https://www.who.int/ reproductivehealth/topics/maternal_perinatal/statement-childbirth/en/
World Health Organization (WHO). (2016). Standards for improving quality of maternal and newborn care in health facilities. Geneva: WHO. https://www.who.int/maternal_ child_adolescent/documents/improving-maternal-newborn-care-quality/en/
World Health Organization (WHO). (2017). Quality of care network. Quality, Equity, Dignity. A Network for improving Quality of care for maternal, newborn and child health. Geneva: WHO. Disponibile su https://www.who.int/ maternal_child_adolescent/documents/quality-care-network-objectives/en/
World Health Organization (WHO). (2018). WHO recommendations: intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience. Geneva: WHO. Disponibile su https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/intrapartum-care-guidelines/en/