Contenuto dell'articolo principale
Abstract
INTRODUZIONE: L'attuale fenomeno migratorio sta determinando una crescente complessití sociale, che richiede alla figura infermieristica lo sviluppo e il consolidamento di un'adeguata competenza culturale per fornire un' assistenza il più possibile adeguata alla persona straniera. A livello internazionale esistono numerosi strumenti per misurare la competenza culturale, ma nel contesto italiano non sono presenti né modelli teorici, né scale di valutazione a cui la figura infermieristica possa affidarsi. L'obiettivo di questo studio è validare in italiano la Nurse Cultural Competence Scale (NCCS), uno strumento di valutazione atto a misurare il livello di competenza culturale del personale infermieristico.
METODI: è stata effettuata la back-translation della NCCS; tramite studio trasversale la scala è stata somministrata ad un campione di studenti del Corso di Laurea; sono state valutate l'affidabilití e la validití .
RISULTATI: La scala mostra soddisfacente consistenza interna (alfa=0.91), validití di contenuto (CVI-S=95.8%) e di struttura (confirmatory factor Index =0.976, Tucker-Lewis Index=0.987, RMSEA= 0.040, SRMR=0.029. Il coefficiente alfa di Cronbach sulla soluzione fattoriale confermativa è risultato pari a 0.90
CONCLUSIONI: La NCCS è valida ed affidabile; il suo utilizzo può rappresentare uno dei primi passi di un percorso teso a valutare e incrementare la competenza culturale infermieristica nel nostro paese.
PAROLE CHIAVE: Assistenza infermieristica, competenza culturale, scala
The Italian version of the Nurse Cultural Competence Scale: validation on a sample of Nursing students
INTRODUCTION: Social complexity is growing, due to the current phenomenon of migration. Nurses are called to face this situation through development and consolidation of adequate cultural competence, to provide appropriate assistance to foreigner patients. Many tools and scales are routinely used worldwide to measure nurses' cultural competence, but in the Italian context neither theoretical models nor scales currently exist. The aim of this study is to validate in Italian the "Nurse Cultural Competence Scale" (NCCS), an assessment tool which measures the cultural competence level of nursing staff.
METHODS:The NCCS scale has been back translated and applied to a sample of nursing students of the San Paolo Hospital in Milan; the scale has been assessed for validity and reliability.
RESULTS: The tool shows satisfactory consistency (alfa=0.91), content validity (CVI=95.8) and factor structure (confirmatory factor Index =0.976, Tucker-Lewis Index=0.987, RMSEA= 0.040, SRMR=0.029). The alpha coefficient of the confirmatory factor solution was .90.
CONCLUSION: The NCCS is valid and reliable; its use represents therefore the first steps in order to identify and increase nurse cultural competence in Italy.
KEY WORDS: Nursing, cultural competence scale, tool
Dettagli dell'articolo
Riferimenti
- Ahmann, E. Developing cultural competence in health care settings. Pediatric nursing 2002; 28, 133-7
- Bertolini, R., Bombardi, S., & Manfredini, M. (2009) Assistenza infermieristica ed ostetrica transculturale- Teoria-Metodologia-Applicazioni. Milano: Hoepli.
- Bjarnason, D., Mick, J., Thompson, J.A., & Cloyd, E. (2009) Perspectives on transcultural care. Nurs Clin North Am, 44(4), 495-503. https://www.sciencedirect. com/science/article/pii/S0029646509000528?via%3Dihub
- Bohman, D.M., & Borglin, G. (2014) Student exchange for nursing students: Does it raise cultural awareness? A descriptive, qualitative study. Nurse Education in Practice, 14 (3): 259-64. https://www.sciencedirect.com /science/article/pii/S1471595313002102?via%3Dihub
- Bressan, V., & Stevanin, S. (2014) La competenza cultuale: modelli, standard e strumenti per l'infermiere italiano. L'infermiere, 2, 8-18.
- Burchum, J.L.R. (2002) Cultural competence: an evolutionary perspective. Nursing forum, 37, 5-15.
- Campinha-Bacote, J. (2002) The process of cultural competence in the delivery of healthcare service: a model of care. J Transcult Nurs, 13(3), 181-4. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs /10.1177/10459602013003003
- Ciancio, B. (2014) Sviluppare la competenza interculturale – Il valore della diversití nell'Italia multietnica – Un modello operativo. Milano: Franco Angeli.
- Emami, A., & Safipour, J. (2013) Constructing a questionnaire for assessment of awareness and acceptance of diversity in healthcare institutions. BMC Health Service Research, 13,145. https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com /articles/10.1186/1472-6963-13-145
- Fitzgerald, E., Cronin, S., & Campinha-Bacote, J. (2009) Psychometric Testing of the Inventory for Assessing the Process of Cultural Competence Among Healthcare Professionals-Student Version (IAPCC-SV). Journal of Theory Construction & Testing, 13(2), 64-8.
- Gambera, A., Marucci, A.R., & Pezzino, M. (2008) L'assistenza infermieristica su base multietnica. Professioni infermieristiche, 61, 223-33.
- Gozum, S., Tuzcu, A., & Kirca, N. (2015) Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Nurse Cultural Competence Scale. Journal Transcultural Nursing, 27(5), 487-95 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/ full/10.1177/1043659615582089?url_ver=Z39.882003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dpubmed
- Grove, S.K., & Burns, N. (2009) The practice of nursing research appraisal, synthesis, and generation of evidence. Milano: Saunders Elsevier.
- Istituto Superiore di Sanití . Migrazione e Salute (2010) Migrazione: sistema di accoglienza verso la popolazione immigrata dei servizi sanitari e verifica dell'osservanza del diritto alla salute di queste popolazione. data accesso 02/03/2016 da: http://old.iss.it/binary/pre s/cont/SINTESI_PROGETTO Migrazione_e_Salute_CONVEGNO.pdf
- Johnson, Y.M., & Munch, S. (2009) Fundamental contradictions in cultural competence. Social Work, 54(3), 220-31.
- Kersey-Matusiak, G. (2012) Competent care: are we there yet?. Nursing management, 42(2), 49-52. https://insights.ovid.com/pubmed?pmid=22252069.
- Misra-Hebert, A.D., & Isaacson, J.H. (2012) Overcoming health care disparities via better cross-cultural communication and health literacy. Cleve Clin J Med, 79(2), 127-33.
- Papadopoulos, I. (2006) The Papadopoulos, Tilki and Taylor model of developing cultural competence. Transcultural health and social care. Development of culturally competent practitioners. Churchill Livingstone: Elsevier .
- Perng, S.J., & Watson, R. (2012) Construct validation of the Nurse Cultural Competence Scale: a hierarchy of abilities. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 21,1678-84.
- Piacentini, E.O. (2007) Le competenze culturali dell'infermiere: un progetto formativo. Infermiere oggi, 3-16
- Purnell, L., Davidhizar, R.E., Giger, J.N., Strickland, O.L., Fishman, D., & Allison, D.M. (2011) A guide to developing a culturally competent organization. J Transcult, 22(1), 1-7. https://journals.sagepub. com/doi/abs/10.1177/ 1043659610 387147
- Scaroni, C. (2007) Fenomeni migratori e problematiche socio sanitarie. Io Infermiere,10(1),49-59. http://www.fnopi.it/ecm/rivista-linfermiere/rivista-linfermiere-page-7-articolo-82.htm
- Takeno, Y. (2010) Facilitating the transition of Asian nurses to work in Australia. J Nurs Manag,18(2),215-24. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1365-2834.2009.01041
Riferimenti
Ahmann, E. Developing cultural competence in health care settings. Pediatric nursing 2002; 28, 133-7
Bertolini, R., Bombardi, S., & Manfredini, M. (2009) Assistenza infermieristica ed ostetrica transculturale- Teoria-Metodologia-Applicazioni. Milano: Hoepli.
Bjarnason, D., Mick, J., Thompson, J.A., & Cloyd, E. (2009) Perspectives on transcultural care. Nurs Clin North Am, 44(4), 495-503. https://www.sciencedirect. com/science/article/pii/S0029646509000528?via%3Dihub
Bohman, D.M., & Borglin, G. (2014) Student exchange for nursing students: Does it raise cultural awareness? A descriptive, qualitative study. Nurse Education in Practice, 14 (3): 259-64. https://www.sciencedirect.com /science/article/pii/S1471595313002102?via%3Dihub
Bressan, V., & Stevanin, S. (2014) La competenza cultuale: modelli, standard e strumenti per l'infermiere italiano. L'infermiere, 2, 8-18.
Burchum, J.L.R. (2002) Cultural competence: an evolutionary perspective. Nursing forum, 37, 5-15.
Campinha-Bacote, J. (2002) The process of cultural competence in the delivery of healthcare service: a model of care. J Transcult Nurs, 13(3), 181-4. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs /10.1177/10459602013003003
Ciancio, B. (2014) Sviluppare la competenza interculturale – Il valore della diversití nell'Italia multietnica – Un modello operativo. Milano: Franco Angeli.
Emami, A., & Safipour, J. (2013) Constructing a questionnaire for assessment of awareness and acceptance of diversity in healthcare institutions. BMC Health Service Research, 13,145. https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com /articles/10.1186/1472-6963-13-145
Fitzgerald, E., Cronin, S., & Campinha-Bacote, J. (2009) Psychometric Testing of the Inventory for Assessing the Process of Cultural Competence Among Healthcare Professionals-Student Version (IAPCC-SV). Journal of Theory Construction & Testing, 13(2), 64-8.
Gambera, A., Marucci, A.R., & Pezzino, M. (2008) L'assistenza infermieristica su base multietnica. Professioni infermieristiche, 61, 223-33.
Gozum, S., Tuzcu, A., & Kirca, N. (2015) Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Nurse Cultural Competence Scale. Journal Transcultural Nursing, 27(5), 487-95 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/ full/10.1177/1043659615582089?url_ver=Z39.882003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dpubmed
Grove, S.K., & Burns, N. (2009) The practice of nursing research appraisal, synthesis, and generation of evidence. Milano: Saunders Elsevier.
Istituto Superiore di Sanití . Migrazione e Salute (2010) Migrazione: sistema di accoglienza verso la popolazione immigrata dei servizi sanitari e verifica dell'osservanza del diritto alla salute di queste popolazione. data accesso 02/03/2016 da: http://old.iss.it/binary/pre s/cont/SINTESI_PROGETTO Migrazione_e_Salute_CONVEGNO.pdf
Johnson, Y.M., & Munch, S. (2009) Fundamental contradictions in cultural competence. Social Work, 54(3), 220-31.
Kersey-Matusiak, G. (2012) Competent care: are we there yet?. Nursing management, 42(2), 49-52. https://insights.ovid.com/pubmed?pmid=22252069.
Misra-Hebert, A.D., & Isaacson, J.H. (2012) Overcoming health care disparities via better cross-cultural communication and health literacy. Cleve Clin J Med, 79(2), 127-33.
Papadopoulos, I. (2006) The Papadopoulos, Tilki and Taylor model of developing cultural competence. Transcultural health and social care. Development of culturally competent practitioners. Churchill Livingstone: Elsevier .
Perng, S.J., & Watson, R. (2012) Construct validation of the Nurse Cultural Competence Scale: a hierarchy of abilities. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 21,1678-84.
Piacentini, E.O. (2007) Le competenze culturali dell'infermiere: un progetto formativo. Infermiere oggi, 3-16
Purnell, L., Davidhizar, R.E., Giger, J.N., Strickland, O.L., Fishman, D., & Allison, D.M. (2011) A guide to developing a culturally competent organization. J Transcult, 22(1), 1-7. https://journals.sagepub. com/doi/abs/10.1177/ 1043659610 387147
Scaroni, C. (2007) Fenomeni migratori e problematiche socio sanitarie. Io Infermiere,10(1),49-59. http://www.fnopi.it/ecm/rivista-linfermiere/rivista-linfermiere-page-7-articolo-82.htm
Takeno, Y. (2010) Facilitating the transition of Asian nurses to work in Australia. J Nurs Manag,18(2),215-24. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1365-2834.2009.01041