Contenuto dell'articolo principale
Abstract
Scopo. Analizzare la prevalenza della sindrome da Burnout e lo stato di salute generale tra gli infermieri di un ospedale del Nord Italia durante la pandemia da COVID-19 e stabilire i livelli di relazione con i fattori socio-demografici.
Metodi. Una ricerca correlazionale descrittiva è stata condotta in un ospedale del Nord Italia, Lecco. 200 infermieri sono stati selezionati attraverso il metodo di campionamento randomizzato stratificato utilizzando i loro codici personali. Tre questionari sono stati somministrati per analizzare dati anagrafici, Burnout e stato generale di salute.
Risultati. I questionari utili per il nostro studio provenivano da 131 infermieri, 80 (61.1%) erano donne. Hanno sperimentato il Burnout con sintomi di esaurimento emotivo 62 infermieri (47.3%), sintomi di depersonalizzazione erano evidenti in 63 infermieri (48.1%) e sintomi di ridotta realizzazione personale sono stati osservati in 64 infermieri (48.8%). Il risultato del questionario sulla salute generale ha mostrato disturbi moderati correlati al lavoro in un reparto Covid (p <.001) e in relazione all'età anagrafica (p= .017). L'analisi di regressione ha indicato una correlazione positiva tra Burnout e ansia e disturbo del sonno (β= 0.221, t= 2.2, p= .003) e con i sintomi di depressione (β= 0.331, t= 3.5 p< .001).
Conclusioni. I risultati attuali hanno mostrato che il Burnout è correlato a tutti gli aspetti del GH. Gli infermieri hanno sperimentato un sostanziale aumento del Burnout durante la gestione dei pazienti affetti da COVID-19.
Dettagli dell'articolo
Riferimenti
- REFERENCES
- Ahn, J., Kim, N-S., Lee, B-K., Park, J., Kim, Y. (2019) Relationship of Occupational Category With Risk of Physical and Mental Health Problems. Safety and Health at Work.
- Alhamad, A. & Al-Faris, E.A. (1998) The validation of the general health questionnaire (ghq-28) in a primary care setting in saudi arabia. J Family Community Med, 5(1), 13-19.
- Arabi, Y.M., Azoulay, E., Al-Dorzi, H.M., Phua, J., Salluh, J., Binnie, A., Hodgson, C., Angus, D.C., Cecconi, M., Du, B. (2021) How the COVID-19 pandemic will change the future of critical care. Intensive Care Med, 47, 282–291.
- Azoulay, E., De Waele, J., Ferrer, R., Staudinger, T., Borkowska, M., Povoa, P., Iliopoulou, K., Artigas, A., Schaller, S.J., Hari, M.S., Pellegrini, M., Darmon, M., Kesecioglu, J., Cecconi, M. (2020) ESICM. Symptoms of burnout in intensive care unit specialists facing the COVID-19 outbreak. Ann Intensive Care, 8, 10(1), 110.
- Barzideh, M., Choobineh, A., Tabatabaei, S. (2013) Job stress dimensions and their relationship to general health status in nurses. Occupational Medicine Quarterly Journal, 4(3), 17–27.
- Bolognini, M., Bettschart, W., Zehnder-Gubler, M., Rossier, L. (1989) The validity of the French version of the GHQ-28 and PSYDIS in a community sample of 20 year olds in Switzerland. Eur Arch Psychiatry Neurol Sci, 238(3), 161-8.
- Canadas-De la Fuente, G.A., Vargas, C., San Luis, C., García, I., Canadas, G.R., De la Fuente, E.I. (2015) Risk factors and prevalence of burnout syndrome in the nursing professional. Int J Nurs Stud, 52, 240-9.
- Casu, G. & Giaquinto, F. (2018) Distress and demoralization of hospital nurses as a function of sources of stress and job seniority. Appl Nurs Res, 43, 61–3.
- Chen, R., Sun, C., Chen, J.J., Jen, H.J., Kang, X.L., Kao, C.C., Chou, K.R. (2021) A Large-Scale Survey on Trauma, Burnout, and Posttraumatic Growth among Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int. J. Ment. Health Nurs, 30, 102–116.
- Damico, V., Murano, L., Demoro, G., Russello, G., Cataldi, G., D'Alessandro, A. (2020) Sindrome di Burnout tra il personale infermieristico italiano durante l'emergenza COVID 19. Indagine conoscitiva multicentrica. Prof Inferm, 73(4), 50-257.
- Danielis, M., Peressoni, L., Piani, T., Colaetta, T., Mesaglio, M., Mattiussi, E., Palese, A. (2021) Nurses' experiences of being recruited and transferred to a new sub-intensive care unit devoted to COVID-19 patients. J Nurs Manag, 29(5), 1149-1158.
- Dehvan, F., Kamangar, P., Baiezeedy, S., Roshani, D., Gheshlagh, R.G. (2018) The relationship of mental health with resilience among psychiatric nurses. Nursing Practice Today, 5(4), 368–74.
- Ehlers, V.J., Oosthuizen, M.J., Bezuidenhout, M.C., Monareng, L.V., Jooste, K. (2003) Post-basic nursing students’ perceptions of the emigration of nurses from the Republic of South Africa. Health SA Gesondheid, 8, 24–37
- Faremi, F.A., Olatubi, M.I., Adeniyi, K.G., Salau, O.R. (2019) Assessment of occupational related stress among nurses in two selected hospitals in a city southwestern Nigeria. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, 10, 68–73.
- Fontanesi, F., Gobetti, C., Zimmermann-Tansella, C., Tansella, M. (1985) Validation of the Italian version of the GHQ in a general practice setting. Psychol Med, 15(2), 411-5.
- Ghaffari, M., Rakhshanderou, S., Safari-Moradabadi, A., Barkati, H. (2020) Exploring determinants of hand hygiene among hospital nurses: a qualitative study. BMC nursing, 19(1), 1–9.
- James, S.V., Kotze, W.J., van Rooyen, D. (2005) The relationship experiences of professional nurses with nurses managers. Health SA Gesondheid, 10, 4–14.
- Lambert, V.A. & Lambert, C.E. (2001) Literature review of role stress/strain on nurses: An international perspective. Nurs. Health Sci, 3, 161–172.
- Leineweber, C., Westerlund, H., Chungkham, S.H., Lindqvist, R., Runesdotter, S., Tishelman, C. (2014) Nurses’ practice environment and work-family conflict in relation to burn out: a multilevel modelling approach. PLOS ONE, 9, e9.
- Loera, B., Converso, D., Viotti, S. (2014) Evaluating the psychometric properties of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) among Italian nurses: how many factors must a researcher consider? PLoS One, 9(12), 114987.
- Maslach, C. & Jackson, S.E. (1981). "The measurement of experienced burnout". Journal of Occupational Behavior, 2 (2), 99–113.
- Maunder, W., Lancee, K., Balderson, et al. (2006) Long-term psychological and occupational effects of providing hospital healthcare during SARS outbreak Emerg. Infect. Dis. pp. 1924-1932
- Mokhtari, M., Dehghan, S.F., Asghari, M., Ghasembaklo, U., Mohamadyari, G., Azadmanesh, S.A., Akbari, E. (2013) Epidemiology of mental health problems in female students: a questionnaire survey. J Epidemiol Glob Health, 3(2), 83-8.
- Murat, M., Köse, S., Savaşer, S. (2021) Determination of stress, depression and burnout levels of front-line nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Ment Health Nurs, 30(2), 533-543.
- Najafi, F., Kermansaravi, F., Gangoozehi, E. (2018) The relationship between general health and quality of work life of nurses working in Zahedan teaching hospitals. Iranian Journal of Rehabilitation Research in Nursing, 4(2), 53–9.
- Neff, D.F. (2011) Effects of nurse staffing and nurse education on patient deaths in hospitals with different nurse work environments. Med Care, 49, 1047-3.
- Pisanti, R., Lombardo, C., Lucidi, F., Violani, C., Lazzari, D. (2013) Psychometric properties of the Maslach Burnout Inventory for Human Services among Italian nurses: a test of alternative models. J Adv Nurs, 69(3), 697-707.
- Rahmani, F., Behshid, M., Zamanzadeh, V., Rahmani, F. (2010) Relationship between general health, occupational stress and burnout in critical care nurses of Tabriz teaching hospitals.
- Sagherian, K., Steege, L.M., Cobb, S.J., Cho, H. (2020) Insomnia, fatigue and psychosocial well-being during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey of hospital nursing staff in the United States. J Clin Nurs, 20, 10.1111/jocn.15566.
- Saki, K. & Kaikhavani, S. (2002) Mental health of Ilam Medical University students. J Ilam Univ Med Sci, 10(34), 11–6.
- Santarone, K., McKenney, M., Elkbuli, A. (2020) Preserving mental health and resilience in frontline healthcare workers during COVID-19. Am J Emerg Med, 38(7), 1530–1.
- Shiao, J.S., Koh, D., Lo, L.H., Lim, M.K., Guo, Y.L. (2007) Factors predicting nurses' consideration of leaving their job during the SARS outbreak. Nurse Ethics, 14(1), 5-17.
Riferimenti
REFERENCES
Ahn, J., Kim, N-S., Lee, B-K., Park, J., Kim, Y. (2019) Relationship of Occupational Category With Risk of Physical and Mental Health Problems. Safety and Health at Work.
Alhamad, A. & Al-Faris, E.A. (1998) The validation of the general health questionnaire (ghq-28) in a primary care setting in saudi arabia. J Family Community Med, 5(1), 13-19.
Arabi, Y.M., Azoulay, E., Al-Dorzi, H.M., Phua, J., Salluh, J., Binnie, A., Hodgson, C., Angus, D.C., Cecconi, M., Du, B. (2021) How the COVID-19 pandemic will change the future of critical care. Intensive Care Med, 47, 282–291.
Azoulay, E., De Waele, J., Ferrer, R., Staudinger, T., Borkowska, M., Povoa, P., Iliopoulou, K., Artigas, A., Schaller, S.J., Hari, M.S., Pellegrini, M., Darmon, M., Kesecioglu, J., Cecconi, M. (2020) ESICM. Symptoms of burnout in intensive care unit specialists facing the COVID-19 outbreak. Ann Intensive Care, 8, 10(1), 110.
Barzideh, M., Choobineh, A., Tabatabaei, S. (2013) Job stress dimensions and their relationship to general health status in nurses. Occupational Medicine Quarterly Journal, 4(3), 17–27.
Bolognini, M., Bettschart, W., Zehnder-Gubler, M., Rossier, L. (1989) The validity of the French version of the GHQ-28 and PSYDIS in a community sample of 20 year olds in Switzerland. Eur Arch Psychiatry Neurol Sci, 238(3), 161-8.
Canadas-De la Fuente, G.A., Vargas, C., San Luis, C., García, I., Canadas, G.R., De la Fuente, E.I. (2015) Risk factors and prevalence of burnout syndrome in the nursing professional. Int J Nurs Stud, 52, 240-9.
Casu, G. & Giaquinto, F. (2018) Distress and demoralization of hospital nurses as a function of sources of stress and job seniority. Appl Nurs Res, 43, 61–3.
Chen, R., Sun, C., Chen, J.J., Jen, H.J., Kang, X.L., Kao, C.C., Chou, K.R. (2021) A Large-Scale Survey on Trauma, Burnout, and Posttraumatic Growth among Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int. J. Ment. Health Nurs, 30, 102–116.
Damico, V., Murano, L., Demoro, G., Russello, G., Cataldi, G., D'Alessandro, A. (2020) Sindrome di Burnout tra il personale infermieristico italiano durante l'emergenza COVID 19. Indagine conoscitiva multicentrica. Prof Inferm, 73(4), 50-257.
Danielis, M., Peressoni, L., Piani, T., Colaetta, T., Mesaglio, M., Mattiussi, E., Palese, A. (2021) Nurses' experiences of being recruited and transferred to a new sub-intensive care unit devoted to COVID-19 patients. J Nurs Manag, 29(5), 1149-1158.
Dehvan, F., Kamangar, P., Baiezeedy, S., Roshani, D., Gheshlagh, R.G. (2018) The relationship of mental health with resilience among psychiatric nurses. Nursing Practice Today, 5(4), 368–74.
Ehlers, V.J., Oosthuizen, M.J., Bezuidenhout, M.C., Monareng, L.V., Jooste, K. (2003) Post-basic nursing students’ perceptions of the emigration of nurses from the Republic of South Africa. Health SA Gesondheid, 8, 24–37
Faremi, F.A., Olatubi, M.I., Adeniyi, K.G., Salau, O.R. (2019) Assessment of occupational related stress among nurses in two selected hospitals in a city southwestern Nigeria. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences, 10, 68–73.
Fontanesi, F., Gobetti, C., Zimmermann-Tansella, C., Tansella, M. (1985) Validation of the Italian version of the GHQ in a general practice setting. Psychol Med, 15(2), 411-5.
Ghaffari, M., Rakhshanderou, S., Safari-Moradabadi, A., Barkati, H. (2020) Exploring determinants of hand hygiene among hospital nurses: a qualitative study. BMC nursing, 19(1), 1–9.
James, S.V., Kotze, W.J., van Rooyen, D. (2005) The relationship experiences of professional nurses with nurses managers. Health SA Gesondheid, 10, 4–14.
Lambert, V.A. & Lambert, C.E. (2001) Literature review of role stress/strain on nurses: An international perspective. Nurs. Health Sci, 3, 161–172.
Leineweber, C., Westerlund, H., Chungkham, S.H., Lindqvist, R., Runesdotter, S., Tishelman, C. (2014) Nurses’ practice environment and work-family conflict in relation to burn out: a multilevel modelling approach. PLOS ONE, 9, e9.
Loera, B., Converso, D., Viotti, S. (2014) Evaluating the psychometric properties of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) among Italian nurses: how many factors must a researcher consider? PLoS One, 9(12), 114987.
Maslach, C. & Jackson, S.E. (1981). "The measurement of experienced burnout". Journal of Occupational Behavior, 2 (2), 99–113.
Maunder, W., Lancee, K., Balderson, et al. (2006) Long-term psychological and occupational effects of providing hospital healthcare during SARS outbreak Emerg. Infect. Dis. pp. 1924-1932
Mokhtari, M., Dehghan, S.F., Asghari, M., Ghasembaklo, U., Mohamadyari, G., Azadmanesh, S.A., Akbari, E. (2013) Epidemiology of mental health problems in female students: a questionnaire survey. J Epidemiol Glob Health, 3(2), 83-8.
Murat, M., Köse, S., Savaşer, S. (2021) Determination of stress, depression and burnout levels of front-line nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Ment Health Nurs, 30(2), 533-543.
Najafi, F., Kermansaravi, F., Gangoozehi, E. (2018) The relationship between general health and quality of work life of nurses working in Zahedan teaching hospitals. Iranian Journal of Rehabilitation Research in Nursing, 4(2), 53–9.
Neff, D.F. (2011) Effects of nurse staffing and nurse education on patient deaths in hospitals with different nurse work environments. Med Care, 49, 1047-3.
Pisanti, R., Lombardo, C., Lucidi, F., Violani, C., Lazzari, D. (2013) Psychometric properties of the Maslach Burnout Inventory for Human Services among Italian nurses: a test of alternative models. J Adv Nurs, 69(3), 697-707.
Rahmani, F., Behshid, M., Zamanzadeh, V., Rahmani, F. (2010) Relationship between general health, occupational stress and burnout in critical care nurses of Tabriz teaching hospitals.
Sagherian, K., Steege, L.M., Cobb, S.J., Cho, H. (2020) Insomnia, fatigue and psychosocial well-being during COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional survey of hospital nursing staff in the United States. J Clin Nurs, 20, 10.1111/jocn.15566.
Saki, K. & Kaikhavani, S. (2002) Mental health of Ilam Medical University students. J Ilam Univ Med Sci, 10(34), 11–6.
Santarone, K., McKenney, M., Elkbuli, A. (2020) Preserving mental health and resilience in frontline healthcare workers during COVID-19. Am J Emerg Med, 38(7), 1530–1.
Shiao, J.S., Koh, D., Lo, L.H., Lim, M.K., Guo, Y.L. (2007) Factors predicting nurses' consideration of leaving their job during the SARS outbreak. Nurse Ethics, 14(1), 5-17.