Contenuto dell'articolo principale
Abstract
Introduzione: L’istituzione di programmi di antimicrobial stewardship multidisciplinari comporta la necessità di studiare quanto il personale sanitario sia in grado di affrontare il problema quotidianamente. Con questo studio si è voluto, pertanto, andare ad identificare ed esaminare criticamente gli strumenti esistenti per misurare le conoscenze, gli atteggiamenti e le pratiche rispetto all’antimicrobial stewardship fra i medici e gli infermieri.
Metodo: Dopo una revisione della letteratura su database biomedici come PUBMED, EMBASE, SCOPUS, CINAHL, tra maggio e novembre 2021, sono stati identificati un totale di 14 strumenti di cui sono stati analizzati e descritti scopo, quadro teorico e validità statistica.
Risultati: Il quadro teorico e il processo di validazione variano molto fra gli strumenti e non in tutti sono descritti. Lo studio pilota non sempre è stato condotto o ben dettagliato. I questionari, di lunghezza variabile, prevedevano per lo più risposte su scala Likert a 5-7 punti. Il Lavoro di Baraka et al 2019 insieme a quello Ashiru-Oredope et al. 2021 risultano essere i migliori dal punto di vista della validità statistica. Baraka ha il maggior numero di domande.
Discussione e conclusioni: La revisione della letteratura e l’utilizzo di strumenti già esistenti, anche dello stesso autore, sono la base di tutti gli studi individuati anche se manca la spiegazione rispetto al motivo di tale scelta. Il processo di validazione non è stato descritto per tutti gli strumenti. Quando si selezionano e si adattano gli strumenti, si dovrebbe prestare attenzione ai domini all'interno della scala, al numero di item e all'adattamento teorico-culturale.
Parole chiave
Dettagli dell'articolo
Riferimenti
- Abera B, Kibret M, & Mulu W. (2014). Knowledge and beliefs on antimicrobial resistance among physicians and nurses in hospitals in Amhara Region, Ethiopia. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol, 15 (26). https: //doi: 10.1186/2050-6511-15-26.
- Ashiru-Oredope D, Hopkins S, Vasandani S, Umoh E, Oloyede O, Nilsson A, et al. (2021). Healthcare workers’ knowledge, attitudes and behaviours with respect to antibiotics, antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance across 30 EU/EEA countries in 2019. Eurosurveillance, 26(12). https://doi.org/10 .2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.12.1900633 LK
- Balliram R, Sibanda W, & Essack SY. (2021). The knowledge, attitudes and practices of doctors, pharmacists and nurses on antimicrobials, antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial stewardship in South Africa. South African J Infect Dis, 36(1), article a262. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v36i1.262
- Baraka MA, Alsultan H, Alsalman T, Alaithan H, Islam MA, & Alasseri AA. (2019). Health care providers’ perceptions regarding antimicrobial stewardship programs (AMS) implementation-facilitators and challenges: a cross-sectional study in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob, 18(26). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12941-019-0325-x
- Commissione Europea. (2018). Resistenza agli agenti antimicrobici. Azione dell'UE sulla resistenza antimicrobica. https://ec.europa.eu/health/antimicrobial-resistance/eu-action-on-antimicrobial-resistance_en
- Cotta MO, Robertson MS, Tacey M, Marshall C, Thursky KA, Liew D, et al. (2014) Attitudes towards antimicrobial stewardship: Results from a large private hospital in Australia. Healthc Infect, 19(3):89–94. https://doi.org/10.1071/HI14008
- Felix AMDS, & Toffolo SR. (2019) Participation of nurses in antimicrobial stewardship programs: An integrative review. Cogitare Enferm, 24, article e59324. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380 /ce.v24i0.59324
- Firouzabadi D, & Mahmoudi L. (2020) Knowledge, attitude, and practice of health care workers towards antibiotic resistance and antimicrobial stewardship programmes: A cross‐sectional study. J Eval Clin Pract, 26(1):190–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ jep.13177
- Hayat K, Rosenthal M, Gillani AH, Chang J, Ji W, Yang C, et al. (2020). Perspective of key healthcare professionals on antimicrobial resistance and stewardship programs: A multicenter cross-sectional study from Pakistan. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.01520 LK
- Herawati F, Jaelani AK, Wijono H, Rahem A, Setiasih, Yulia R, et al. (2021). Antibiotic stewardship knowledge and belief differences among healthcare professionals in hospitals: A survey study. Heliyon ,7(6), article e07377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.heliyon.2021.e07377
- Keizer J, Braakman-Jansen LMA, Kampmeier S, Köck R, Al Naiemi N, Te Riet-Warning R, et al. (2019). Cross border comparison of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and AMR prevention measures: the healthcare workers’ perspective. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control, 8(123). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-019-0577-4
- Mane A, Kamat S, & Thanusubramanian H. (2021). Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Clinicians, Nurses and Pharmacists Regarding Antimicrobial Stewardship: A Five Center Survey from India. J Clin diagnostic Res. 15(8):5-11. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2021/47651.15203 LK
- Manning M Lou, Pfeiffer J, & Larson EL. (2016). Combating antibiotic resistance: The role of nursing in antibiotic stewardship. Am J Infect Control, 44(12):1454–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2016.06.023.
- Nair M, Tripathi S, Mazumdar S, Mahajan R, Harshana A, Pereira A, et al. (2019). Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to antibiotic use in Paschim Bardhaman District: A survey of healthcare providers in West Bengal, India. PLoS ONE, 14(5), article e0217818. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0217818
- Quotidiano Sanità. (2019). Antibiotico resistenza. L’Italia mantiene il record di decessi correlati: ogni anno 10 mila morti, in tutta Europa sono 33 mila. I nuovi dati dell’Iss. http://www.quotidianosanita.it/scienza-e-farmaci/ articolo.php?articolo_id=78903
- Slattery EL, Voelker CC, Nussenbaum B, Rich JT, Paniello RC, & Neely JG. (2011). A practical guide to surveys and questionnaires. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 144(6):831-7. https://doi.org/10.1177/0194599811399724.
- Streiner D.L., Norman G.R., & Cairney J. (2015). Health Measurement Scales: A practical guide to their development and use (5 ed.) Oxford University Press.
- Sumner S, Forsyth S, Collette-Merrill K, Taylor C, Vento T, Veillette J, et al. (2018). Antibiotic stewardship: The role of clinical nurses and nurse educators. Nurse Educ Today, 60:157–60 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2017.10.011.
- Sutthiruk N, Considine J, Hutchinson A, Driscoll A, Malathum K, & Botti M. (2018). Thai clinicians’ attitudes toward antimicrobial stewardship programs. American Journal of Infection Control, 46(4), 425–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.09.022
- Tahoon MA, Khalil MM, Hammad E, Morad WS, awad SM, & Ezzat S. (2020). The effect of educational intervention on healthcare providers’ knowledge, attitude, & practice towards antimicrobial stewardship program at, National Liver Institute, Egypt. Egypt Liver J, 10(5). https://doi.org/10.1186/s43066-019-0016-5
- Tegagn GT, Yadesa TM, & Ahmed Y. (2017). Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Healthcare Professionals towards Antimicrobial Stewardship and Their Predictors in Fitche Hospital. J Bioanal Biomed, 09(02):91–7. https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-593X.1000159
Riferimenti
Abera B, Kibret M, & Mulu W. (2014). Knowledge and beliefs on antimicrobial resistance among physicians and nurses in hospitals in Amhara Region, Ethiopia. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol, 15 (26). https: //doi: 10.1186/2050-6511-15-26.
Ashiru-Oredope D, Hopkins S, Vasandani S, Umoh E, Oloyede O, Nilsson A, et al. (2021). Healthcare workers’ knowledge, attitudes and behaviours with respect to antibiotics, antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance across 30 EU/EEA countries in 2019. Eurosurveillance, 26(12). https://doi.org/10 .2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.12.1900633 LK
Balliram R, Sibanda W, & Essack SY. (2021). The knowledge, attitudes and practices of doctors, pharmacists and nurses on antimicrobials, antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial stewardship in South Africa. South African J Infect Dis, 36(1), article a262. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v36i1.262
Baraka MA, Alsultan H, Alsalman T, Alaithan H, Islam MA, & Alasseri AA. (2019). Health care providers’ perceptions regarding antimicrobial stewardship programs (AMS) implementation-facilitators and challenges: a cross-sectional study in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob, 18(26). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12941-019-0325-x
Commissione Europea. (2018). Resistenza agli agenti antimicrobici. Azione dell'UE sulla resistenza antimicrobica. https://ec.europa.eu/health/antimicrobial-resistance/eu-action-on-antimicrobial-resistance_en
Cotta MO, Robertson MS, Tacey M, Marshall C, Thursky KA, Liew D, et al. (2014) Attitudes towards antimicrobial stewardship: Results from a large private hospital in Australia. Healthc Infect, 19(3):89–94. https://doi.org/10.1071/HI14008
Felix AMDS, & Toffolo SR. (2019) Participation of nurses in antimicrobial stewardship programs: An integrative review. Cogitare Enferm, 24, article e59324. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380 /ce.v24i0.59324
Firouzabadi D, & Mahmoudi L. (2020) Knowledge, attitude, and practice of health care workers towards antibiotic resistance and antimicrobial stewardship programmes: A cross‐sectional study. J Eval Clin Pract, 26(1):190–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ jep.13177
Hayat K, Rosenthal M, Gillani AH, Chang J, Ji W, Yang C, et al. (2020). Perspective of key healthcare professionals on antimicrobial resistance and stewardship programs: A multicenter cross-sectional study from Pakistan. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.01520 LK
Herawati F, Jaelani AK, Wijono H, Rahem A, Setiasih, Yulia R, et al. (2021). Antibiotic stewardship knowledge and belief differences among healthcare professionals in hospitals: A survey study. Heliyon ,7(6), article e07377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.heliyon.2021.e07377
Keizer J, Braakman-Jansen LMA, Kampmeier S, Köck R, Al Naiemi N, Te Riet-Warning R, et al. (2019). Cross border comparison of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and AMR prevention measures: the healthcare workers’ perspective. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control, 8(123). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13756-019-0577-4
Mane A, Kamat S, & Thanusubramanian H. (2021). Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Clinicians, Nurses and Pharmacists Regarding Antimicrobial Stewardship: A Five Center Survey from India. J Clin diagnostic Res. 15(8):5-11. https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2021/47651.15203 LK
Manning M Lou, Pfeiffer J, & Larson EL. (2016). Combating antibiotic resistance: The role of nursing in antibiotic stewardship. Am J Infect Control, 44(12):1454–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2016.06.023.
Nair M, Tripathi S, Mazumdar S, Mahajan R, Harshana A, Pereira A, et al. (2019). Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to antibiotic use in Paschim Bardhaman District: A survey of healthcare providers in West Bengal, India. PLoS ONE, 14(5), article e0217818. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0217818
Quotidiano Sanità. (2019). Antibiotico resistenza. L’Italia mantiene il record di decessi correlati: ogni anno 10 mila morti, in tutta Europa sono 33 mila. I nuovi dati dell’Iss. http://www.quotidianosanita.it/scienza-e-farmaci/ articolo.php?articolo_id=78903
Slattery EL, Voelker CC, Nussenbaum B, Rich JT, Paniello RC, & Neely JG. (2011). A practical guide to surveys and questionnaires. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 144(6):831-7. https://doi.org/10.1177/0194599811399724.
Streiner D.L., Norman G.R., & Cairney J. (2015). Health Measurement Scales: A practical guide to their development and use (5 ed.) Oxford University Press.
Sumner S, Forsyth S, Collette-Merrill K, Taylor C, Vento T, Veillette J, et al. (2018). Antibiotic stewardship: The role of clinical nurses and nurse educators. Nurse Educ Today, 60:157–60 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2017.10.011.
Sutthiruk N, Considine J, Hutchinson A, Driscoll A, Malathum K, & Botti M. (2018). Thai clinicians’ attitudes toward antimicrobial stewardship programs. American Journal of Infection Control, 46(4), 425–430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.09.022
Tahoon MA, Khalil MM, Hammad E, Morad WS, awad SM, & Ezzat S. (2020). The effect of educational intervention on healthcare providers’ knowledge, attitude, & practice towards antimicrobial stewardship program at, National Liver Institute, Egypt. Egypt Liver J, 10(5). https://doi.org/10.1186/s43066-019-0016-5
Tegagn GT, Yadesa TM, & Ahmed Y. (2017). Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Healthcare Professionals towards Antimicrobial Stewardship and Their Predictors in Fitche Hospital. J Bioanal Biomed, 09(02):91–7. https://doi.org/10.4172/1948-593X.1000159