Contenuto dell'articolo principale

Abstract

Tra le interazioni relazionali negative tra infermieri ci sono le dinamiche relazionali laterali, cioè quelle che vengono esercitate tra pari, all'interno dei gruppi di lavoro. Alcuni autori hanno teorizzato la presenza di un continuum di comportamenti che vanno dall'inciviltí  sul posto di lavoro fino allo strutturarsi di violenze laterali, per finire al bullismo orizzontale. Per quanto diffusi e importanti siano questi fenomeni, ancora oggi le soluzioni di tipo reattivo e proattivo sono scarse, e scarsamente efficaci. I modelli e le interpretazioni che spiegano questi meccanismi di comportamento all'interno dei gruppi sono di tipo interpersonale, intrapersonale, evolutivo, e biologico. Questi ruotano intorno ad elementi centrali quali, le differenze di genere, la pressione del lavoro, le differenze di ruolo, lo stress, il conflitto generazionale, e non ultimo l'esercizio di controllo attraverso circuiti di potere. Esistono anche fascinazioni derivanti dagli studi antropologici, anche se ad oggi la teoria dei comportamenti del gruppo oppresso non è stata ancora del tutto sviluppata e nemmeno validata in ambito infermieristico Ciò nonostante, le variegate interpretazioni dei meccanismi che generano questa tipologia di fenomeni non sono mutuamente esclusive, e contribuiscono ad una visione sfaccettata del problema, che forse è l'elemento cardine su cui impostare una risposta in termini preventivi e reattivi. I modelli e le interpretazioni di queste modalití  di violenza sul posto di lavoro possono servire a costruire cornici concettuali all'interno delle quali sperimentare con opportuni studi di ricerca, gli interventi per abbattere la comparsa e la presenza dei fenomeni e le loro conseguenze.

Parole Chiave: inciviltí , violenza laterale, mobbing, bullismo, nursing


Workplace incivility, horizontal violence, bullying and mobbing among peers in nursing. Theories and interpretation models

Among the negative interactions between nurses there are the lateral dynamics, exerted between peers, within the working groups. Some authors have theorized the presence of a continuum of behaviors ranging workplace incivility up to the lateral violence, and horizontal bullying. Although these phenomena are widespread and important, currently, reactive and proactive solutions are scarce, and barely effective. The models and interpretations that explain these mechanisms of behavior within groups are interpersonal, intrapersonal, evolutionary and biological. These revolve around central elements such as gender differences, work pressure, role differences, stress, generational conflict, and the need to exert control through circuits of power. There are also fascinations arising from anthropological studies, although to date the oppressed group behavior theory was not yet fully developed nor validated in the field of nursing. Nonetheless, the varied interpretations of the mechanisms that generate this type of phenomena are not mutually exclusive, and contribute to a multifaceted view of the problem, which is (perhaps) the key element on which to set preventive and reactive interventions. The models and interpretations of these forms of workplace violence can be used to construct conceptual frameworks to be used during the design of appropriate research studies that test interventions to reduce the rise and presence of these problems and their consequences. Parole Chiave: workplace incivility, lateral violence, mobbing, bullying, nursing


Dettagli dell'articolo

Come citare
Bambi, S., Lucchini, A., Guazzini, A., Caruso, C., & Rasero, L. (2019). Inciviltí  sul luogo di lavoro, violenza orizzontale, bullismo e mobbing tra pari nella professione infermieristica: teorie e modelli di interpretazione dei fenomeni. PROFESSIONI INFERMIERISTICHE, 72(3). Recuperato da https://www.profinf.net/pro3/index.php/IN/article/view/670

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