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Abstract

 Introduction. Therapeutic patient' education is a complex process requiring a proper level of communication between the patient and the healthcare professional. Nurses play a key role in providing the patients and their families with educational activities. Objective: This paper is the report of a study which investigates the experiences of some Italian nurses with regards to their role in therapeutic education to cancer patients. Methods: Qualitative research. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 52 nurses working in different Local Health Service Units of two northern Italy regions: Piedmont and Valle d'Aosta. To identify categories and items arising from the data, the researchers used a qualitative content analysis. Results: The interview format was classified into six main categories: a) Patient education as daily care activity; b) Relevance of communication and dialogue for educational purposes; c) Relative usefulness of written information; d) Therapeutic education recording; e) Patients' feedbacks as a tool for assessing therapeutic education; and f) Difficult communication. Conclusions: The experience of nurses in terms of their professional role in therapeutic education for cancer patients shows the steady presence of educational activities carried out in a non-planned way. This research confirms the need to launch educational interventions for nurses. Implications for Practice: It is essential to implement an action plan to promote opportunities of professional training in the field since among the most frequent reasons for project failure in therapeutic education is the lack of expert human resources. Keywords: Cancer care, Therapeutic Education, Oncology Nursing, Patient Education

Educazione terapeutica ai malati oncologici: esperienza degli infermieri italiani

RIASSUNTO

Introduzione. Educazione terapeutica del paziente 'è un processo complesso che richiede un adeguato livello di comunicazione tra il paziente e l'operatore sanitario. Gli infermieri svolgono un ruolo chiave nel fornire ai pazienti e alle loro famiglie con attivití  educative. Questo articolo indaga le esperienze di alcuni infermieri italiani per quanto riguarda il loro ruolo in educazione terapeutica per i malati di cancro. Metodi: Si tratta di uno studio qualitativo, svolto attraverso interviste semi-strutturate a 52 infermieri che lavorano nei servizi di oncologia. Per identificare le categorie e gli elementi risultanti dai dati, i ricercatori hanno utilizzato l'analisi del contenuto qualitativo. Risultati: sei sono le categorie principali dei temi emersi dalla pratica: a) l'educazione del paziente come attivití  la cura quotidiana, b) Importanza della comunicazione e del dialogo per scopi didattici; c) l'utilití  relativa delle informazioni scritte; d) la registrazione educazione terapeutica, e) valutazione dei pazienti come uno strumento per la valutazione dell'educazione terapeutica; ed f), la comunicazione difficile. Conclusioni: L'esperienza degli infermieri in termini del loro ruolo professionale in educazione terapeutica per i pazienti affetti da tumore mostra la presenza costante di attivití  didattiche svolte in modo non pianificato. Questa ricerca conferma la necessití  di avviare interventi formativi per gli infermieri. Implicazioni per la pratica: è di fondamentale importanza attuare un piano d'azione per promuovere le opportunití  di formazione professionale nel campo in quanto tra le cause più frequenti di fallimento del progetto di educazione terapeutica è la mancanza di risorse umane esperte.

Parole Chiave: assistenza oncologica, educazione terapeutica, nursing oncologico, educazione dei pazienti

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Prandi, C., Garrino, L., Clerico, M., Sommovigo, T., Vellone, E., & Alvaro, R. (2015). Therapeutic education to cancer patients: experiences of Italian nurses. PROFESSIONI INFERMIERISTICHE, 67(4). Recuperato da https://www.profinf.net/pro3/index.php/IN/article/view/128
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